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Automatic Agriculture Sprinkling System

Kuldeep Kumar1 Rahul Paswan2 Ekta Sahani3 Nitish Sharma4 Anil Singh5
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Buddha Institute of Technology, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. 2 3 4 5 B. Tech 4th year students, Department of Electronic and Communication Engineering, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Published Online: March-April 2026

Pages: 303-308

Abstract

Modern agriculture faces challenges such as water scarcity, uneven irrigation, and increased dependence on manual labor. With the advancement of technology and the need for efficient resource management, automated solutions have become essential in farming practices. This Automatic Agriculture Sprinkling System (AASS) helps to improve crop productivity by ensuring optimal water usage, reducing human effort, and enabling smart farming techniques through automation, energy-efficient processes, and intelligent resource distribution. The system operates using a microcontroller such as Arduino UNO to automate water sprinkling based on soil conditions and environmental factors. Sensors like soil moisture sensors (and optionally temperature and humidity sensors) detect the moisture level of the soil, allowing the system to supply water only when required, thus preventing over-irrigation and water wastage. The prototype includes multiple agricultural zones where sprinklers are installed and controlled independently, along with dedicated sections for high-water-demand crops. The LCD module and indicator LEDs are used to display real-time system status. Green light indicates sufficient moisture while red light indicates the need for irrigation. When water levels are low, a buzzer and indicator LED are activated to alert the user. To prevent unnecessary water usage, the sprinkling system automatically turns off once the required moisture level is achieved. This model provides a cost-effective, scalable, and efficient solution that minimizes manual intervention, optimizes water consumption, and enhances overall agricultural productivity. By continuously monitoring soil conditions, automating irrigation control, and providing visual indicators, the system ensures efficient farming practices, promotes sustainable agriculture, and contributes to the development of smart farming environments.

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