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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are recognized as one of the leading renewable energy technologies due to their high energy conversion efficiency and low production costs. In this study, the optimal structure of perovskite solar cells was simulated and analyzed using Silvaco TCAD software. The results demonstrated that optimizing the thickness of the layers and employing suitable materials such as TiO₂ and PEDOT:PSS increased the energy conversion efficiency to over 30%. Furthermore, the incorporation of nanostructured protective layers, such as graphene, and reflectors, such as copper, led to a reduction in optical losses and enhanced stability under harsh environmental conditions. This design not only improved the performance of the cells but also reduced production costs. The findings of this research suggest that the proposed design could serve as an effective step toward the commercialization of perovskite solar cells and the advancement of sustainable energy technologies.