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Original Article
IOT-Based Headwater Detector System
Siti Sunaidah Sukma Subri1
Luqman Nurhakim Ahmad Syarimallah2
12Department of Electrical Engineering, Politeknik Kuching Sarawak, Malaysia.
Published Online: May-June 2025
Pages: 17-23
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijire.20250603002References
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Jurnal Natural, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 60–67, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.30862/jn.v19i1.231
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Velocity Estimation from an Arduino Ultrasonic Sensor," Hydrology, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 12, 2024. [Online]. Available:
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Sci. Technol., vol. 39, pp. 249–258, Jan. 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-024-1224-4
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Water Level Detection System," Advances in Agricultural and Food Research Journal, vol. 5, no. 1, 2024. [Online]. Available:
https://doi.org/10.36877/aafrj.a0000490
7. S. Catsamas, B. Shi, M. Wang, J. Xiao, P. Kolotelo, and D. McCarthy, "A Low-Cost Radar-Based IoT Sensor for Noncontact
Measurements of Water Surface Velocity and Depth," Sensors, vol. 23, no. 14, p. 6314, 2023. [Online]. Available:
https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146314
8. M. MasoudiMoghaddam, J. Yazdi, and M. Shahsavandi, "A Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensor for Online Monitoring of Water Levels in
Rivers and Channels," Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, vol. 102, p. 102777, Mar. 2025. [Online]. Available:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102777
9. C. Yukawa, T. Oda, T. Sato, M. Hirota, K. Katayama, and L. Barolli, "An Intelligent Water Level Estimation System Considering
Water Level Device Gauge Image Recognition and Wireless Sensor Networks," Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, vol. 14, no.
1, p. 13, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14010013
10. J. Li, L. Qiu, Z. Wang, and H. Yu, "An Acoustic Inversion-Based Flow Measurement Model in 3D Hydrodynamic Systems," arXiv,
Mar. 2025. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.11986
11. A. Adriansyah, M. H. Budiutomo, H. Hermawan, R. I. Andriani, R. Sulistyawan, and A. U. Shamsudin, "Design of Water Level
Detection Monitoring System Using Fusion Sensor Based on Internet of Things (IoT)," SINERGI, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 191–198, 2024.
[Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.2024.1.019
Development board. International Journal of Engineering Advanced Research eISSN: 2710-7167 | Vol. 5, No. 2, 22-31, 2023.
http://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijear
2. S. Catsamas, B. Shi, B. Deletic, M. Wang, and D. T. McCarthy, "A Low-Cost, Low-Power Water Velocity Sensor Utilizing Acoustic
Doppler Measurement," Sensors, vol. 22, no. 19, pp. 7451, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/s22197451
3. Y. A. Syakur, E. Padang, and B. Afkril, "Design of a River Water Level Measuring Instrument Using AJ-SR04M Ultrasonic Sensor,"
Jurnal Natural, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 60–67, 2023. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.30862/jn.v19i1.231
4. T. S. R. Pereira, T. P. de Carvalho, T. A. Mendes, G. da C. dos Reis, and K. T. M. Formiga, "Hydrodynamic Modeling for Flow and
Velocity Estimation from an Arduino Ultrasonic Sensor," Hydrology, vol. 11, no. 2, p. 12, 2024. [Online]. Available:
https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology11020012
5. W. Wongsaroj, N. Thong-un, J. Hansot, et al., "Low-cost Ultrasonic Measurement for Estimation of Liquid Leakage Point," J. Mech.
Sci. Technol., vol. 39, pp. 249–258, Jan. 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-024-1224-4
6. N. Mat Toridi, M. I. H. Amri, M. S. S. Mohd Hisham, N. S. Ismail, A. D. A. Kupo, N. M. Ramli, N. Khairudin, and S. Abd Aziz, "Wireless
Water Level Detection System," Advances in Agricultural and Food Research Journal, vol. 5, no. 1, 2024. [Online]. Available:
https://doi.org/10.36877/aafrj.a0000490
7. S. Catsamas, B. Shi, M. Wang, J. Xiao, P. Kolotelo, and D. McCarthy, "A Low-Cost Radar-Based IoT Sensor for Noncontact
Measurements of Water Surface Velocity and Depth," Sensors, vol. 23, no. 14, p. 6314, 2023. [Online]. Available:
https://doi.org/10.3390/s23146314
8. M. MasoudiMoghaddam, J. Yazdi, and M. Shahsavandi, "A Low-Cost Ultrasonic Sensor for Online Monitoring of Water Levels in
Rivers and Channels," Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, vol. 102, p. 102777, Mar. 2025. [Online]. Available:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.flowmeasinst.2024.102777
9. C. Yukawa, T. Oda, T. Sato, M. Hirota, K. Katayama, and L. Barolli, "An Intelligent Water Level Estimation System Considering
Water Level Device Gauge Image Recognition and Wireless Sensor Networks," Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, vol. 14, no.
1, p. 13, 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan14010013
10. J. Li, L. Qiu, Z. Wang, and H. Yu, "An Acoustic Inversion-Based Flow Measurement Model in 3D Hydrodynamic Systems," arXiv,
Mar. 2025. [Online]. Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.11986
11. A. Adriansyah, M. H. Budiutomo, H. Hermawan, R. I. Andriani, R. Sulistyawan, and A. U. Shamsudin, "Design of Water Level
Detection Monitoring System Using Fusion Sensor Based on Internet of Things (IoT)," SINERGI, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 191–198, 2024.
[Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.22441/sinergi.2024.1.019
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